Municipal Liability and 42 U.S.C. § 1983: Volume 2 baixar o livro de graça

THIS CASEBOOK contains a selection of U. S. Court of Appeals decisions that analyze and discuss municipal liability and 42 U.S.C. Section 1983. Volume 2 of the casebook covers the Sixth through the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals.

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Counties and other municipal entities may be held liable under § 1983 only where "action pursuant to official municipal policy of some nature caused a constitutional tort." Monell v. Dep't of Soc. Servs., 436 U.S. 658, 691, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978). This standard requires a plaintiff to show that (1) "his constitutional rights were violated"; (2) "the municipality had a custom or policy that constituted deliberate indifference to that constitutional right"; and (3) "the policy or custom caused the violation." McDowell v. Brown, 392 F.3d 1283, 1289 (11th Cir. 2004). Absent a formal policy, the plaintiff may satisfy the second element by identifying "an unofficial custom or widespread practice that is so permanent and well settled as to constitute a custom and usage with the force of law" or "a municipal official with final policymaking authority whose decision violated the plaintiff's constitutional rights." Chabad Chayil, Inc. v. Sch. Bd. of Miami-Dade Cnty., 48 F.4th 1222, 1229 (11th Cir. 2022).

Plowright v. Miami-Dade County, 102 F. 4th 1358 (11th Cir. 2024)

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