THE CONSTITUTION OF THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN baixar o livro de graça

The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran (adopted 1979, amended 1989) establishes Iran as an Islamic Republic under the principle of Wilāyat al‑Faqīh—Guardianship of the Jurist—granting ultimate authority to a Supreme Leader (faqīh). It vests sovereignty in God and affirms that all laws must conform to Islamic criteria. The Constitution enshrines a hybrid system combining elected institutions (President, Parliament/Majlis, popular referenda) with oversight by religious bodies: the Guardian Council—which vets laws and candidates—and the Assembly of Experts—which appoints or removes the Supreme Leader. It guarantees citizens rights to free education, public awareness, social and political freedoms within legal limits, equality before the law, protection of recognized religious minorities, and environmental stewardship. The state is tasked with eliminating corruption, despotism, foreign interference, and poverty; promoting social justice, economic fairness, self-sufficiency, and welfare; and ensuring national defense. The leadership is supported by institutions like the Expediency Council to resolve legislative conflicts.

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